Candidate Statement
My journey in IST started at my first job as a research assistant. I was recruited for my background in Psychology and familiarity with statistics software to analyze online teaching and learning data, while a small part of my job is to conduct training for teachers to learn their learning management system. It provided an opportunity for me to discover how much I enjoyed being an instructor and working with teachers, helping them tackle the challenges and difficulties they encountered while using technology. I became interested in incorporating technology into classrooms in general and eager to be part of the change.
Such interest developed when I later worked as an educational game designer in a start-up company to develop Coding Galaxy, a game-centered curriculum for K-12 schools to apply in their classrooms. The collaboration mode that I designed was quite an innovative move at that time, allowing students to work together as a team to solve one problem, while most apps feature a single-player mode only. We were a very small team, which gave me opportunities to serve in various roles to design the game, help with the code, build the teaching aids, develop the lesson plans, negotiate with the stakeholders, and pilot in the classrooms. It was a meaningful experience for me to be a front-line changemaker, seeing education from different facets. However, it also brought up so many “why” and “how” questions that required much longer time to answer instead of a 15-minute team meeting to make quick decisions. Simultaneously I completed my master’s degree in Information Technology in Education at the University of Hong Kong. It provided me with solid foundations in education and opportunities to engage with design-based research, write design cases, and interview participants.
All the previous experiences build up the path for me to join the doctoral program in Instructional System Technology at Indiana University in 2019. Reflecting upon it, I gradually understand the complexity of education in nature, with or without technology, which enables me to appreciate the efforts we have made to unfold such complexity. One part that interests me the most is collaborative learning and the dynamic through interaction. For me, collaborative learning means a reconstruction of the classroom, yielding power to students, and allowing the uncertainty to grow. It asks students to develop a sense of agency, practice skills to work with their peers and co-construct their own knowledge. What’s also, if not more, challenging is for teachers to give up some control and take a facilitative role in the back seats. In computer-supported collaborative learning (CSCL), technology provides affordances for collaboration (Jeong & Hmelo-Silver, 2016). CSCL can be defined as the activity of peers interacting with each other to reach learning goals with the support of information and communication technologies
Professional Goal
My professional goal is to increase existing knowledge about CSCL through researching the following three components: 1) design of CSCL environment and activities; 2) instructional strategies for CSCL used by teachers or facilitators; and 3) evaluation of CSCL. My goal is to yield results that impact the theory of CSCL across contexts and inform instructional design practices. I aim to pursue my goal through a tenure-track position at a research-intensive university at a teaching college or a senior instructional design practitioner position.
Below are details about my progress to develop the competencies for research, teaching, and service, including how these experiences align with my scholarly goals and future research agenda.
Goals of Research
My research agenda is focused on investigating and designing CSCL across different content areas and contexts. I am dedicated to exploring the field guided by the following umbrella questions through multiple research methods:
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How do learners collectively regulate their own learning process?
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How do teachers support collaborative learning, providing enough scaffolding while promoting students' agency in their own learning?
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How do we leverage technology in CSCL classrooms to benefit students and teachers?
Research Projects and My Progress Through the IST Program
Throughout my Ph.D. program, I have been involved in several individual and group research projects, as discussed below. All my research work shares a component of collaborative learning.
I joined the Augmented Cognition for Teaching: Transforming Teacher Work with Intelligent Cognitive Assistants (i-ACT) project in 2019, led by Dr. Krista Glazewski, Dr. Cindy Hmelo-Silver, Dr. Thomas Brush, & Dr. James Lester. The project provides opportunities for me to engage in the design and development of a game-based problem-based collaborative learning environment, and also research activities to explore my own research interests. In the project, I led the research “Supporting teacher orchestration of collaborative inquiry in game-based learning with intelligent assistants” (presented at AECT 2020), exploring teachers’ perspectives of having an intelligent assistant in collaborative inquiry classrooms; and the research “Exploring Strategies to Redirect Disruptive Talk in Middle-school Collaborative Inquiry Discourse” (presented at AECT 2021), using conversation analysis to unpack teaching strategies in collaborative learning. I also co-authored the book chapter Teacher orchestration systems supported by AI: Theoretical possibilities and practical considerations (in press).
My first author study is going to build upon the work above investigating discourse collaborative inquiry from teachers’ discursive practice.
I have further explored other approaches to investigate CSCL, such as N-grams (R685 project), a probabilistic model to find the most probable event actions that occur together to form a sequence (Hao et al., 2016), and natural language processing (R711 literature review). The design of CSCL is emphasized by the design proposal of a collaborative community (AECT 2021 Design & Development Competition, 2nd round), a research proposal on incorporating social annotation tools in higher education by participatory design (R546 final project).
Goals of Teaching
I have developed my philosophy of teaching and applied it to the R711 and R542 where I served as a teaching assistant. For example, I have designed collaborative mind mapping activity by Miro for students to connect ideas they captured from the readings. I also facilitated asynchronous online discussions by prompting questions and feedback. I tried my best to provide in-time responses to students' questions through LMS, emails, or instant messaging platforms to their preferences.
I am actively searching for more teaching opportunities as a co-instructor or teaching assistant in my future Ph.D. studies.
Goals of Service
Service has been an important part of my personal and professional development. During my Ph.D. studies, I have been involved in organizing two IST conferences (2020, and 2021). Besides, I served as the Vice President of Professional Development for Graduates in Instructional Systems Technology committee 2020-2021, during which I organized three professional development events with more than 60 participants overall. I have actively served as a reviewer and volunteer in major conferences like AECT (2020, 2021) and EITT (2020). I view volunteer work as a great opportunity to learn, make connections, and most importantly pay back to the community that has supported me so much.
Breadth and Integration
I view my research practice, teaching, and service as integration, nurturing me to become a real scholar in IST. My minor in Methodology Inquiry has grounded me with knowledge and practice in both qualitative and quantitative research. Additionally, it supports me to explore possibilities of innovative methods to investigate CSCL research questions. The teaching practice offered me a ground to apply theories of CSCL and see the outcomes of the actual implementation. The service is my way to connect with and engage with my skills toward community building in the IST community specifically and the broader field more generally.
Conclusion
The work of research, teaching, and service enables me to appreciate the complexity of learning and investigate learning from multiple perspectives. It also means that I should equip myself with lenses (methodology) and tools (tools) to gain a better understanding of interaction and dynamics. Considering myself a researcher and a practitioner at the same, I would like to pursue my career in academia to ultimately inform the practice of the front-liners in education. Also, I value the opportunities to collaborate with teachers and researchers in other disciplines to broaden my understanding with continuous reflection little by little.